End notes
1 Oswalt, SN, et al. (2019). Forest Resources of the United States, 2017: A Technical Paper Supporting the Forest Service's 2020 RPA Assessment. US Department of Agriculture (USDA), Forest Service, Washington, DC, p. 4.
2 Tidwell, T. (2016). State of Forests and Forestry in the United States. USDA, Forest Service. Retrieved 3/21/2021.
3 Vose, JM, et al. (2018). Ch. 6: Forests. In: Impacts, Risks, and Adaptation in the United States: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume II. US Global Change Research Program, Washington, DC, p. 243.
4 Butler-Leopold, PR, et al. (2018). Mid-Atlantic Forest Ecosystem Vulnerability Assessment and Synthesis: A Report from the Mid-Atlantic Climate Change Response Framework Project. USDA, Forest Service, Newtown Square, PA, pp. 142–143.
5 Vose, JM, et al. (2018). Ch. 6: Forests. In: Impacts, Risks, and Adaptation in the United States: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume II. US Global Change Research Program, Washington, DC, p. 251.
6 Hines, S., and A. Daniels. (ND). Private management of forest lands. USDA, Forest Service. Retrieved 3/21/2022.
7 Vose, JM, et al. (2018). Ch. 6: Forests. In: Impacts, Risks, and Adaptation in the United States: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume II. US Global Change Research Program, Washington, DC, p. 234.
8 Vose, JM, et al. (2018). Ch. 6: Forests. In: Impacts, Risks, and Adaptation in the United States: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume II. US Global Change Research Program, Washington, DC, p. 240.
9 Butler-Leopold, PR, et al. (2018). Mid-Atlantic Forest Ecosystem Vulnerability Assessment and Synthesis: A Report from the Mid-Atlantic Climate Change Response Framework Project. USDA, Forest Service, Newtown Square, PA, p. 137.
10 Vose, JM, et al. (2018). Ch. 6: Forests. In: Impacts, Risks, and Adaptation in the United States: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume II. US Global Change Research Program, Washington, DC, p. 243.
11 Butler-Leopold, PR, et al. (2018). Mid-Atlantic Forest Ecosystem Vulnerability Assessment and Synthesis: A Report from the Mid-Atlantic Climate Change Response Framework Project. USDA, Forest Service, Newtown Square, PA, p. 135.
12 Butler-Leopold, PR, et al. (2018). Mid-Atlantic Forest Ecosystem Vulnerability Assessment and Synthesis: A Report from the Mid-Atlantic Climate Change Response Framework Project. USDA, Forest Service, Newtown Square, PA, p. 129.
13 USDA, US Forest Service. (2019). Bark beetles. Retrieved 30/10/2022.
14 Vose, JM, et al. (2018). Ch. 6: Forests. In: Impacts, Risks, and Adaptation in the United States: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume II. US Global Change Research Program, Washington, DC, p. 234.
15 Butler-Leopold, PR, et al. (2018). Mid-Atlantic Forest Ecosystem Vulnerability Assessment and Synthesis: A Report from the Mid-Atlantic Climate Change Response Framework Project. USDA, Forest Service, Newtown Square, PA, p. 148.
16 Vose, JM, et al. (2018). Ch. 6: Forests. In: Impacts, Risks, and Adaptation in the United States: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume II. US Global Change Research Program, Washington, DC, p. 244.
17 Vose, JM, et al. (2018). Ch. 6: Forests. In: Impacts, Risks, and Adaptation in the United States: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume II. US Global Change Research Program, Washington, DC, p. 244.
18 Vose, JM, et al. (2018). Ch. 6: Forests. In: Impacts, Risks, and Adaptation in the United States: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume II. US Global Change Research Program, Washington, DC, p. 244.
19 Vose, JM, et al. (2018). Ch. 6: Forests. In: Impacts, Risks, and Adaptation in the United States: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume II. US Global Change Research Program, Washington, DC, p. 244.
20 Vose, JM, et al. (2018). Ch. 6: Forests. In: Impacts, Risks, and Adaptation in the United States: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume II. US Global Change Research Program, Washington, DC, p. 246.
21 Vose, JM, et al. (2018). Ch. 6: Forests. In: Impacts, Risks, and Adaptation in the United States: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume II. US Global Change Research Program, Washington, DC, p. 246.
22 EPA. (2021). Indicators of Climate Change: Stream Flow. Retrieved 3/21/2022.
23 Vose, JM, et al. (2018). Ch. 6: Forests. In: Impacts, Risks, and Adaptation in the United States: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume II. US Global Change Research Program, Washington, DC, p. 253.
24 USDA, Forest Service. (ND). Forest products. Retrieved 3/21/2021.
25 USDA, Forest Service. (ND). Energy and forest products. Retrieved 3/21/2022.
26 USDA, Forest Service. (ND). Forest products. Retrieved 3/21/2021.
27 US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). (2021). Leisure economy for rural communities. Retrieved 3/21/2022.
28 Vose, JM, et al. (2018). Ch. 6: Forests. In: Impacts, Risks, and Adaptation in the United States: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume II. US Global Change Research Program, Washington, DC, p. 247.
29 Gamble, JL, et al. (2016). Ch. 9: Populations of concern. In: The effects of climate change on human health in the United States: A scientific assessment. US Global Change Research Program, Washington, DC, p. 254.
30 Keener, V., et al. (2018). Ch. 27: Hawaii and Pacific Islands associated with the US. In: Impacts, Risks, and Adaptation in the United States: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume II. US Global Change Research Program, Washington, DC, pp. 1269.
31 Vose, JM, et al. (2018). Ch. 6: Forests. In: Impacts, Risks, and Adaptation in the United States: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume II. US Global Change Research Program, Washington, DC, p. 246.
32 EPA. (2021). Leisure economy for rural communities. Retrieved 3/21/2021.
33 USDA, Forest Service. (ND). Urban forests. Retrieved 3/21/2021.
34 Janowiak, MK, et al. (2021). Climate adaptation actions for urban forests and human health. USDA, Forest Service, Madison, WI, p. 2.
35 EPA. (2022). Heat islands and shares. Retrieved 3/21/2022.
36 EPA. (2022). Heat islands and stocks. Retrieved 3/21/2022.
37 Vose, JM, et al. (2018). Ch. 6: Forests. In: Impacts, Risks, and Adaptation in the United States: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume II. US Global Change Research Program, Washington, DC, p. 248.
38 Vose, JM, et al. (2018). Ch. 6: Forests. In: Impacts, Risks, and Adaptation in the United States: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume II. US Global Change Research Program, Washington, DC, p. 243.
39 Smee, DL, et al. (2017). The expansion of mangroves into salt marshes alters the associated faunal communities. In: Estuarine, Coast and Shelf Science. USDA, Southern Research Station. P. 306.
40 USDA, Forest Service. (ND). Mohawk Trail Woodlands Partnership. Retrieved 3/21/2022.
41 National Centers for Environmental Information. (2020). Fires-annual 2020. Retrieved 3/21/2021.
42 EPA. (2021). Indicators of climate change: Fires. Retrieved 3/21/2022.
43 USDA, Forest Service. (2014). Bark beetles and climate change in the United States. Retrieved 3/21/2022.
44 Vose, JM, et al. (2018). Ch. 6: Forests. In: Impacts, Risks, and Adaptation in the United States: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume II. US Global Change Research Program, Washington, DC, p. 251.
45 USDA, Forest Service. (2021). Forest disturbances and drought. Retrieved 3/21/2022.
46 Jenkins, M. (2017). A new way to stop invasive pests—pure recreation. USDA, Forest Service. Retrieved 3/21/2022.
47 USDA, National Invasive Species Information Center. (ND). Climate change. Retrieved 30/10/2022.
